Condensateurs Electrolytique Aluminium Bornes à vis FELSIC 85

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors, also commonly known as just electrolytic capacitors, are a unique type of configuration that uses an electrolyte to achieve a capacitance that is much larger than other types of these devices. The electrolyte in question is usually either a gel or a liquid that itself contains a very high concentration of polarized ions. Polarization indicates that the voltage on the positive terminal is always larger than the similar voltage on the negative terminal of the capacitor.

One of the major benefits of these types of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is the aforementioned large capacitance. They do, however, have a number of disadvantages when compared to other types of capacitors. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors have a large leakage current when compared to capacitors of other types. Additional disadvantages include a limited lifetime, value tolerances and an equivalent resistance series.

For safety purposes, these types of capacitors need to be forward biased in their configuration. This is mainly due to the characteristics of the electrolyte that has been used in their construction. The positive terminal always needs to have a larger amount of voltage than that of the negative terminal. If the situation were reversed and the negative terminal suddenly had a higher voltage than the positive terminal (which is also referred to as reversing the voltage polarity), the aluminum material that is used as the dielectric could short circuit and become damaged. It could also overheat, which could cause a substantial leak. The capacitor could also vaporize, which could cause the entire enclosure to burst under the right circumstances. It is important to note, however, that this phenomenon is very rare.